In general Linux commands work the same, but distro's do have their own implementation of commands and/or the way a set of commands might be implemented.
SuSe for example is notorious when it comes to using yast(2) and doing the same from the command line (do not mix them, you'll end up with a non or partial working SuSe). One of the reasons I dislike this particular distro (I'm a CLI person and hardly use GUI's).
Another difference might be the package management that is used:
- deb -> Debian/Ubuntu (using apt / dpkg),
- rpm -> RedHat (using apt, yum),
- tgz -> Slackware (using slackpkg / swaret),
- etc, etc
The general concept might still work for a particular problem, but the way to get there might differ on other distro's.
EDIT: I'm too slow....