Currently, Solaris is the name of the whole operating system (analog to a distribution), while SunOS is only the name of the kernel, SVR4.0 based.
Releases numbers are on sync, e.g. Solaris 10 contains SunOS 5.10.
If you look to the past, things are getting slightly more complicated (The version before Solaris 7 was Solaris 2.6/SunOS5.6 down to Solaris 2.0/SunOS5.0).
There use to be BSD based SunOS versions (SunOS4.x) where the name was used for both the kernel and the whole thing, before Solaris 1.x was used too.
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