kapolonczyk,
Welcome to LQ forums.
Download the Linux Mint MATE 64-bit ISO image (or similar) and use
Etcher or
Rufus to install it on a USB drive:
https://linuxmint.com/download.php
It is likely that you have
UEFI boot enabled in W10 64-bit.
(If that is not the case and you are using the earlier Legacy BIOS or CSM boot then you would delete all Windows partitions). Check in UEFI/BIOS for your setup.
Secure Boot is best
disabled in BIOS/UEFI.
Also
disable Fast Startup:
https://help.uaudio.com/hc/en-us/art...-in-Windows-10
Boot from the installation media by tapping the special key for Boot Device such as F12, F2, F9 or whatever and select the boot media (e.g. SanDisk UEFI).
Double click on
Install Linux Mint icon.
Select language.
Connect to the internet via wifi or ethernet cable.
Install third party software.
Select
Something else.
This video will show you
how to make 3 additional partitions (main part starts at 10.00) using the
Something else option:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_4Kh5kE3xA
If there is already an
EFI system partition (
esp), then
keep it (
sda1) and
delete all other existing Windows partitions to create free space.
Then create the 3 Linux partitions below using the Mint installer and the
Something else option.
Create 3 new
Primary (not Logical) partitions in the free space. Make sure to select
Beginning for the location of each partition.
Highlight the free space and click on
Change.
First create
sda2:
sda2....formatted (X in the box) as
ext4 as the
root partition (/)......Size:
25000MB
Click on OK.
Highlight the free space and click on
Change.
sda3.....
not formatted (no X in the box) as the
swap partition.............Size:
2000MB.
Click on OK.
Highlight the free space and click on
Change.
sda4......formatted (X in the box) as
ext4 as the
Home partition (/home)......Size: Remainder of hard drive.
Click on OK.
Install on
sda and follow the rest of the video above or the Linux Mint installation guide as mentioned by berndbausch.
Note that Linux Mint 19.3 MATE and some other Linux distros now automatically create a swap file (not a partition), so 2 extra partitions (root and home) will be enough. Either way works.
It is useful to have a separate home partition for future use:
https://www.linuxquestions.org/quest...-distro-37074/