Failing to boot after moving /boot folder to /

zillur · 08-14-2016, 02:18 PM

Thank you very much. It took many hours to complete the deeper search. I got this:

Code:

TestDisk 7.0, Data Recovery Utility, April 2015
Christophe GRENIER <grenier@cgsecurity.org>
http://www.cgsecurity.org

Disk /dev/sda - 16 TB / 14 TiB - CHS 1945332 255 63

The harddisk (16 TB / 14 TiB) seems too small! (< 4947608 TB / 4499824 TiB)
Check the harddisk size: HD jumpers settings, BIOS detection...

The following partitions can't be recovered:
     Partition               Start        End    Size in sectors
>  SysV 4               113481  54  8 15010525  23 20 239321009920 [  ~R\]
   XFS 4                133674 204 27 2079006 147 45 31251755008
   XFS 4                134260 245 58 3546266 113 15 54813868032
   XFS 4                267349 121 21 2212681  64 39 31251755008
   XFS 4                267935 162 52 3679941  30  9 54813868032
   XFS 4                401024  38 15 2346355 236 33 31251755008
   XFS 4                401610  79 46 3813615 202  3 54813868032
   SysV 4               461262  65 30 150774729 194 35 140412085075968 [   ^Rz]
   XFS 4                534698 210  9 2480030 153 27 31251755008
   XFS 4                535284 251 40 3947290 118 60 54813868032

[ Continue ]
SysV4, 122 TB / 111 TiB

Now I need to continue??

If I continue, I get this:

Quote:

Disk /dev/sda - 16 TB / 14 TiB - CHS 1945332 255 63
Partition Start End Size in sectors
P XFS 4 0 65 2 63 253 62 1024000
P XFS 4 16 48 33 79 237 30 1024000
P XFS 4 32 32 1 95 220 61 1024000
P XFS 4 48 15 32 111 204 29 1024000
>P Linux LVM2 63 253 63 1945331 230 51 31250728960
P HFS 134604 116 43 134607 1 54 40962
P HFS 134607 1 51 134609 141 62 40962
P Sys=0C 227827 244 51 416576 6 59 3032237700
P Sys=0C 274157 26 55 421573 209 2 2368249517
P Sys=0C 994679 145 44 1143577 48 5 2392040221

Structure: Ok.

Keys T: change type,
Enter: to continue
LVM2, 16 TB / 14 TiB

Now which one I should select? Linux LVM2?
If I continue with this, I got:

Quote:

Disk /dev/sda - 16 TB / 14 TiB - CHS 1945332 255 63

Partition Start End Size in sectors

P XFS 4 0 65 2 63 253 62 1024000
P XFS 4 16 48 33 79 237 30 1024000
P XFS 4 32 32 1 95 220 61 1024000
P XFS 4 48 15 32 111 204 29 1024000
P Linux LVM2 63 253 63 1945331 230 51 31250728960
P HFS 134604 116 43 134607 1 54 40962
P HFS 134607 1 51 134609 141 62 40962
P Sys=0C 227827 244 51 416576 6 59 3032237700
P Sys=0C 274157 26 55 421573 209 2 2368249517
P Sys=0C 994679 145 44 1143577 48 5 2392040221

Write isn't available because the partition table type "None" has been selected.

Need your suggestions!!!

Best Regards
Zillur

rknichols · 08-14-2016, 02:59 PM

I don't see anything useful there. If there were a recognizable filesystem inside that LVM2 container, testdisk should have found it. I don't see any alternative to seeing whether professional data recovery can reconstruct the filesystem. Sifting through the no doubt million or more files, fragments, and junk that photorec recovered from those 14+ Terabytes just isn't humanly feasible. I'm afraid I have nothing else to offer. Sorry.

Just out of curiosity, was sda really a single 16TB disk, or was it some sort of array?

zillur · 08-15-2016, 05:46 PM

Thank you very much for helping me all the way. In that case how can I format the disk (sda) and mount it to use?

Best Regards
Zillur

michaelk · 08-15-2016, 05:58 PM

You can extend your existing logical volumes to expand /home or /(root).

You can create a new volume group and logical volumes. Mount them as desired

You can create a single or multiple partitions and mount them as desired.

zillur · 08-15-2016, 06:08 PM

Thank you very much. How can I do this? How can I format the disk (sad)?

Quote:

You can create a single or multiple partitions and mount them as desired.

How can create a volume group or partition and then mount them?
Best Regards
Zillur

michaelk · 08-15-2016, 06:20 PM

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2010/08/how-to-create-lvm/

Make sure the vg names and lv names are not the same as what you already have.

zillur · 08-16-2016, 01:38 PM

Thank you very much for your kind help. I have mounted all the disk.

Code:

[root@bioworkstation /]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  6.9G   44G  14% /
devtmpfs                  87G     0   87G   0% /dev
tmpfs                     87G  3.6M   87G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     87G  250M   87G   1% /run
tmpfs                     87G     0   87G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-home   58G  874M   57G   2% /home
/dev/sdb1                497M  215M  283M  44% /boot
tmpfs                     18G   24K   18G   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdc1                494M   26M  469M   6% /run/media/zillur/3d20300c-4bda-4c44-8543-3a6a93451377
/dev/mapper/pagla-home    11T   33M   11T   1% /mordor
tmpfs                     18G   20K   18G   1% /run/user/42
/dev/sda2                 15T  9.2M   14T   1% /kodom
[root@bioworkstation /]# lsblk 
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  14.6T  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0   500M  0 part 
└─sda2            8:2    0  14.6T  0 part /kodom
sdb               8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk 
├─sdb1            8:17   0   500M  0 part /boot
└─sdb2            8:18   0 111.3G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0     4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home 253:2    0  57.2G  0 lvm  /home
sdc               8:32   0  10.9T  0 disk 
├─sdc1            8:33   0   500M  0 part /run/media/zillur/3d20300c-4bda-4c44-85
└─sdc2            8:34   0  10.9T  0 part 
  ├─pagla-swap  253:3    0     4G  0 lvm  
  ├─pagla-home  253:4    0  10.9T  0 lvm  /mordor
  └─pagla-root  253:5    0    50G  0 lvm  
sr0              11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
loop0             7:0    0  14.6T  0 loop

Now, I have 4/5 users. I want to allocate 2/3 users the '/mordor' and others '/kodom'. How can I do this?

Best Regards
Zillur

michaelk · 08-16-2016, 01:51 PM

What do you mean by allocate?

I specifically asked you if you wanted to extend your volume groups. I would extend centos-home to include both. You can copy data between them if anything needs to be saved. pagla volume group was a previous CentOS installation is there anything worth saving?

I hope you have a suitable backup device of sufficient capacity to save user data.

zillur · 08-16-2016, 01:59 PM

Thank you very much. I want to some of my users (2 or 3) can only use 'sdc' and some users (other 2 or 3) will be able to use 'sda'.

Quote:

pagla volume group was a previous CentOS installation is there anything worth saving?

No, there is nothing worthy here. I just created it when I was trying to mount 'sdc'.

Quote:

I hope you have a suitable backup device of sufficient capacity to save user data

. I want to create backup folder where I can keep backup regularly. How can I do this?

Quote:

I would extend centos-home to include both. You can copy data between them if anything needs to be saved.

How can I extend cantos-home to include both?

Best Regards
Zillur

maythoi · 08-17-2016, 02:56 AM

How can I format the disk (sad)?

michaelk · 08-17-2016, 02:36 PM

Here are a couple of howtos on extending a volume group. As a side comment Centos 7 defaults to xfs which is easy to enlarge but does not have any native tools to shrink. In addition with LVM if you lose one disk you could lose everything. There is LVM raid but I have not played with it yet. You do need a backup plan.

Since there is no need to keep pagla-root or pagla-swap I might start over.

http://www.tecmint.com/extend-and-reduce-lvms-in-linux/
https://www.howtoforge.com/logical-v...a-volume-group

maythoi,
Your question is vague. I assume you mean sda and without knowing what you are trying to accomplish like installing a linux distribution we can not provide help. You can create a new thread or edit the post and we can move it to an appropriate forum.

zillur · 08-17-2016, 04:52 PM

Thank you very much for your kind suggestions. Now, I have total 3 physical volumes in one volume group.

Code:

[root@bioworkstation zillur]# pvs
  PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree 
  /dev/sda2         lvm2 ---   14.55t 14.55t
  /dev/sdb2  centos lvm2 a--  111.30g 60.00m
  /dev/sdc2         lvm2 ---   10.92t 10.92t
[root@bioworkstation zillur]# pvscan 
  PV /dev/sdb2   VG centos   lvm2 [111.30 GiB / 60.00 MiB free]
  PV /dev/sdc2               lvm2 [10.92 TiB]
  PV /dev/sda2               lvm2 [14.55 TiB]
  Total: 3 [25.58 TiB] / in use: 1 [111.30 GiB] / in no VG: 2 [25.47 TiB]
[root@bioworkstation zillur]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  7.0G   44G  14% /
devtmpfs                  87G     0   87G   0% /dev
tmpfs                     87G  152K   87G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     87G  9.6M   87G   1% /run
tmpfs                     87G     0   87G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-home   58G  882M   57G   2% /home
/dev/sdb1                497M  215M  283M  44% /boot
tmpfs                     18G   12K   18G   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdc1                494M   26M  469M   6% /run/media/zillur/3d20300c-4bda-4c44-8543-3a6a93451377

Quote:

[root@bioworkstation zillur]# lvmdiskscan
/dev/centos/root [ 50.00 GiB]
/dev/sda1 [ 500.00 MiB]
/dev/centos/swap [ 4.00 GiB]
/dev/sda2 [ 14.55 TiB] LVM physical volume
/dev/centos/home [ 57.24 GiB]
/dev/sdb1 [ 500.00 MiB]
/dev/sdb2 [ 111.30 GiB] LVM physical volume
/dev/sdc1 [ 500.00 MiB]
/dev/sdc2 [ 10.92 TiB] LVM physical volume
3 disks
3 partitions
0 LVM physical volume whole disks
3 LVM physical volumes

I want all my users will be able to use volume group centos but, I want to allow few users to use '/dev/sda2' and some other users '/dev/sdc2'. Is it possible to do this? How can I do this?

Best Regards
Zillur

michaelk · 08-17-2016, 05:16 PM

For what purpose? home? data?

You can use group and ACL permissions

http://brunogirin.blogspot.com/2010/...th-setgid.html
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php..._Control_Lists

sda2 and sdc2 are LVM partitions but you have not created VGs or LVs. You do have sdc1 which is a 500M partition from an old install.

zillur · 08-17-2016, 07:01 PM

Thank you very much. I have mounted this two disk in different folder, Created usergroups, gave them read and write permission in respective folders. Is it ok?

Code:

[root@bioworkstation zillur]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  7.0G   44G  14% /
devtmpfs                  87G     0   87G   0% /dev
tmpfs                     87G  152K   87G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     87G  9.6M   87G   1% /run
tmpfs                     87G     0   87G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-home   58G  887M   57G   2% /home
/dev/sdb1                497M  215M  283M  44% /boot
tmpfs                     18G   12K   18G   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdc1                494M   26M  469M   6% /run/media/zillur/3d20300c-4bda-4c44-8543-3a6a93451377
/dev/sdc2                 11T   33M   11T   1% /mordor
/dev/sda                  15T   33M   15T   1% /kodom
[root@bioworkstation zillur]# lvs
  WARNING: Device for PV n9ykF8-3RTl-0aa2-7w2m-DU1A-ur9h-0tvFdj not found or rejected by a filter.
  WARNING: Device for PV 1L0CTN-Vwds-V6OJ-aZh9-4W7y-dYLX-p3Tid1 not found or rejected by a filter.
  LV   VG     Attr       LSize  Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  home centos -wi-ao---- 57.24g                                                    
  root centos -wi-ao---- 50.00g                                                    
  swap centos -wi-ao----  4.00g                                                    
[root@bioworkstation zillur]# pvs
  WARNING: Device for PV n9ykF8-3RTl-0aa2-7w2m-DU1A-ur9h-0tvFdj not found or rejected by a filter.
  WARNING: Device for PV n9ykF8-3RTl-0aa2-7w2m-DU1A-ur9h-0tvFdj not found or rejected by a filter.
  WARNING: Device for PV 1L0CTN-Vwds-V6OJ-aZh9-4W7y-dYLX-p3Tid1 not found or rejected by a filter.
  PV             VG     Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree 
  /dev/sdb2      centos lvm2 a--  111.30g 60.00m
  unknown device centos lvm2 a-m   14.55t 14.55t
  unknown device centos lvm2 a-m   10.92t 10.92t

What does the warnings mean?

Best Regards
Zillur

michaelk · 08-17-2016, 07:30 PM

Looks like you reformatted sdc2 and sda partitions without removing their LVs and PVs from the system.

Ultimately its your system. If it works the way you want then it is ok.