Presuming you don't have a favourite backup program and want to do this by terminal commands, do as follows
1. power down; add new drive wherever and jumper accordingly. If you don't have space, remove the cdrom to make space.
2. power up; cfdisk or fdisk if you must, and partition.
3. Back up to /home, /var, or some other partitions that won't be filled by your new debian system when it comes along. cp -a works fine. Tar is messy, because you are changing OS, and you run the risk of altering stuff with an overwrite. There are switches to get round it, but it's still messy. K.I.S.S. Then any perms problems yield to chmod -R
4. Install your new drive as hda/sda, remove old drive, and
5. boot on Debian CD and install
6. If you have the hardware space, leave the old drive there for a while, (as hdb or sdb) and add a grub entry to boot from it. You may need it one day.
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