What is something *new* you have learned about Linux within the past 7 days?

////// · 01-19-2022, 12:03 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by MadeInGermany

@////// Missing a +1 ?
The following allows special characters in filenames,
and avoids playing a title twice in a row.

Code:

#!/bin/bash
PL=$( find /xxx/music -name "*.mp3" -type f )
NUM=$( echo "$PL" | wc -l )
{
while true; do
  until
    r=$(( RANDOM%NUM + 1 ))
    [ $r != $lastr ]
  do :
  done
  lastr=$r
  s=$( echo "$PL" | sed -n "${r}p" )
  echo "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\nContent-Type: audio/x-mp3stream\n\n"
  cat "$s"
done
} | nc -l -s address -p 8020

thanks man

i tried to make it as small as i could, there is character limit at LQ's profile/signature.
all those COLOR tags ...

cjspizz · 01-20-2022, 11:54 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by //////

it is mp3 server that you can listen at 127.0.0.1:8020

Do you mean I can setup a local server to broadcast and listen to my music remotely with this script? Where can I find more info on setting that up?

ondoho · 01-22-2022, 08:52 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by cjspizz

Do you mean I can setup a local server to broadcast and listen to my music remotely with this script? Where can I find more info on setting that up?

Really all the info is there in the script.

I once tried it, it works - remotely too, if you know your external IP address and can tell your router to open port 8020 (or whichever port you choose).

The script is very limited though - if you want to set up your own streaming radio station, I suggest starting with exactly that as a search term.
I found: https://www.linuxuprising.com/2019/0...net-radio.html

////// · 01-23-2022, 11:11 PM

Quote:

Do you mean I can setup a local server to broadcast and listen to my music remotely with this script? Where can I find more info on setting that up?

Quote:

Originally Posted by ondoho

Really all the info is there in the script.

I once tried it, it works - remotely too, if you know your external IP address and can tell your router to open port 8020 (or whichever port you choose).

yea, it works, i suggest you to use ondoho's solution tho.

hazel · 01-27-2022, 08:49 AM

I just learned from another thread that if you use df with the pathname of some file as an argument, it gives a one-line answer relevant to the partition that file is on. I never thought of using an argument for df before, though I do regularly use the -h option.

Trihexagonal · 01-28-2022, 06:13 PM

That the same command to spoof your Ether MAC on FreeBSD does not work on Linux.

That Linux was vulnerable to the polkit pwnkit exploit before patching and FreeBSD usr accounts were not.

How the Linux file system hierarchy differs from FreeBSD and where those files are housed in the Linux directory tree.

That sudo is for forgetful people like su is for people who don't forget to log out of the root account when working from the terminal. I've never used sudo or doas on FreeBSD and am very comfortable and competent working as root.

If I could just get the syntax right for that launch command

root@jigoku: # launch nuclear strike --DC
sh: launch: not found
root@jigoku: #

Trihexagonal · 02-18-2022, 03:58 PM

This week I learned there is something called an "impossible situation". This encountered while using apt, it's similar to a situation encountered while using ports informally referred to by FreeBSD users as "no big deal". The biggest difference that you have to track it back several error messages to determine what needs done to fix it in ports.

I saved the output of the impossible situation, doing the impossible and back to business as usual:

Code:

┌──(jitte㉿itachi)-[~]
└─$ sudo apt update                                                                 16 ⨯
Get:1 http://kali.download/kali kali-rolling InRelease [30.6 kB]
Get:2 http://kali.download/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 Packages [18.0 MB]
Get:3 http://kali.download/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 Contents (deb) [40.6 MB]
Fetched 58.7 MB in 26s (2,237 kB/s)                                                     
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
48 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
                                                                                         
┌──(jitte㉿itachi)-[~]
└─$ sudo apt upgrade         
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libwacom9 : Depends: libwacom-common (= 2.0.0-2) but 1.12-1 is to be installed
E: Broken packages

┌──(jitte㉿itachi)-[~]
└─$ sudo apt-get remove libwacom2 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  fonts-roboto-slab
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libinput-bin libinput10 libwacom-bin libwacom-common libwacom9
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libwacom2
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libwacom9
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libinput-bin libinput10 libwacom-bin libwacom-common
4 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 to remove and 44 not upgraded.
Need to get 244 kB of archives.
After this operation, 30.7 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

*snip*

┌──(jitte㉿itachi)-[~]
└─$ sudo apt-get update           
Hit:1 http://kali.download/kali kali-rolling InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
                                                                                         
┌──(jitte㉿itachi)-[~]
└─$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  fonts-roboto-slab
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following packages have been kept back:
  default-mysql-server gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0
  php-common
The following packages will be upgraded:
  apparmor binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu cpp-10 cpp-11 exploitdb
  g++-10 g++-11 gcc-10 gcc-10-base gcc-11 gcc-11-base lib32gcc-s1 lib32stdc++6
  libapparmor1 libasan6 libatomic1 libbinutils libcc1-0 libctf-nobfd0 libctf0
  libgcc-10-dev libgcc-11-dev libgcc-s1 libgfortran5 libgomp1 libitm1 liblsan0
  libobjc-10-dev libobjc-11-dev libobjc4 libquadmath0 libstdc++-10-dev libstdc++-11-dev
  libstdc++6 libtiff5 libtsan0 libubsan1 python3-dataclasses-json
40 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 125 MB of archives.
After this operation, 322 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

*snip*

┌──(jitte㉿itachi)-[~]
└─$ cat /etc/os-release                                                              1 ⨯
PRETTY_NAME="Kali GNU/Linux Rolling"
NAME="Kali GNU/Linux"
ID=kali
VERSION="2022.1"
VERSION_ID="2022.1"
VERSION_CODENAME="kali-rolling"
ID_LIKE=debian
ANSI_COLOR="1;31"
HOME_URL="https://www.kali.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://forums.kali.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.kali.org/"
                                                                                         
┌──(jitte㉿itachi)-[~]
└─$

Reziac · 02-18-2022, 04:09 PM

Today I learned that KDE-Neon (not an everyday system) loses passwords, a problem I haven't run into since RedHat6.

It was set to autologin.

The password is either one very short word, or none at all.

Updated it. Rebooted after. Surprise! You now have an unknown password!

ychaouche · 02-21-2022, 07:17 AM

so it was true then

rtmistler · 02-21-2022, 08:27 AM

For years I've followed practices of:

From with emacs using grep I've always searched pwd for strings and used the emacs search results to browse the located results
From the command line I've always used find to locate relevant files in a tree and exec'd grep to search for a string

I've learned that emacs supports the find grep as part of it's search mechanism, ergo the results can now also be able to be more directly browsed.

Reziac · 02-21-2022, 09:41 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by ychaouche

so it was true then

Yes!!

I also learned that resetting the password from the bootup-command-line does not work. It looks like it works; it says it works; it does not work. It even writes a new /etc/shadow, where the password is kept, but it still does not work.

For my next trick, I tried renaming /etc/shadow to try to force it to demand a new password, and then boot stalls at the point where it would ask for a login. So I today learned that you cannot have a null /etc/shadow.

Foiled again, I thought to try replacing the contents of /etc/shadow with a known-good /etc/shadow, and then I learned that while I can rename it and view it, I cannot paste a file into /etc. Nor can I edit it. Not even with that HD attached to another system, where Take Ownership appeared to work, and says it works, but it still does not work.

So today I learned that I still hate Ubuntu (and by extension, Debian), which is what Neon is under the hood.

teckk · 02-21-2022, 11:59 AM

Quote:

I also learned that resetting the password from the bootup-command-line does not work.

Do you mean from live media? You'll need to chroot in, mount your partitions, then edit the files on the machines hard drive/ssd, not the files on the live media.

Quote:

I cannot paste a file into /etc. Nor can I edit it.

You'll need to be root to access anything in /etc. Look at the directory and file permissions.

What do you get from

Code:

ls -l /etc

root.

What are the perms on

Code:

ls -l /etc/shadow

Only root can read/write it.

Could that be the problem that you had?

Reziac · 02-21-2022, 06:19 PM

Addendum: apparently it's not just me. There are several complaints over in reddit/kdeneon about being unable to log in after the latest update, tho I seem to be the only one who gets as far as a login screen. The others either get a black screen or the endless gear spinner.

Quote:

Originally Posted by teckk

Do you mean from live media? You'll need to chroot in, mount your partitions, then edit the files on the machines hard drive/ssd, not the files on the live media.

I've tried it thus:
-- boot itself into root prompt
-- boot live media, mount HD
-- as an external USB drive on another installed system
See below. XFE-root mode worked when nothing else did.

Instructions I found went thus:

Grub, recovery mode, root shell.
Got a root prompt. Did not require password. (Appears I did not set one. None in shadow.)

mount -o rw,remount /
passwd username
produces the pair of password prompt and "updated successfully".
And it rewrites shadow.

shutdown -r

reboots. Same problem. Neither "root" nor "rez" and password, nor any combo thereof, can log in.

Tried nuking the password with the apparent blank password (bunch of numbers with colons mixed in) and that didn't work either.

Quote:

Originally Posted by teckk

You'll need to be root to access anything in /etc. Look at the directory and file permissions.
What do you get from

Code:

ls -l /etc

root.

Forgot to check when I had root prompt up but in XFE it showed owner root, group root, -rw-rw-rw-

Turns out while it's mounted as an external USB drive, I can edit /etc/shadow in XFE-root mode, but not in Dolphin-root mode. (Have run into this before.)
But wasn't helpful.

Quote:

Originally Posted by teckk

What are the perms on

Code:

ls -l /etc/shadow

Only root can read/write it.

-rw-rw-rw- root root

Quote:

Originally Posted by teckk

Could that be the problem that you had?

Well, apparently not, Looks like it's hosed itself somewhere other than /etc/shadow.

Just from doing an update. (It was running before the update, no problem.)

I wonder if it's a variant of the Ubuntu/Mint bug from a few years ago, where just LOOKING in "video driver" settings, without touching anything, would hose GRUB. (Yes, really.)

Thanks for trying to help... I'd like to know how to fix this, but I suspect it's buggered somewhere not so obvious.

hazel · 02-22-2022, 04:44 AM

I wonder if it's a PAM thing. Maybe you've fallen foul of one of PAM's login conditions. You can find out those conditions by looking at the files in /etc/pam.d. There was a recent thread by someone who could get to root by using su but not by logging in as root. That turned out to be due to PAM setting stricter conditions for login than for su. But istr he was using a serial console, not a local one.

ondoho · 02-22-2022, 12:26 PM

Could Reziac please open a dedicated thread for this?
I don't like seeing this thread polluted with support requests.
(seems they've done it before, too)
I have reported Reziac's post #248 in the hope that a mod will move or remove these posts, incl. mine.